The effects of cannabis are complex and are the subject of controversial discussion in both medical research and public debate. In principle, cannabis develops its effects through the cannabinoids it contains, above all THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) and CBD (cannabidiol), which dock onto the endocannabinoid system in the human body.
Short-term effects:
After consumption, users often report a feeling of relaxation, altered perceptions and increased appetite. At the same time, however, unpleasant effects such as anxiety, paranoia, concentration problems and psychomotor impairments can also occur. The effects can be particularly unpleasant with high THC doses or inexperienced users.
Long-term risks:
The long-term use of cannabis is associated with various risks that are often underestimated. Studies show evidence of impaired cognitive performance, particularly in adolescents whose brains are still developing. In addition, regular use can promote the development of mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety disorders and, in particular, psychosis, with a significantly higher risk if there is a genetic predisposition.
Addictive potential:
Although cannabis is often classified as less addictive than other drugs, the potential for addiction is not negligible. Around 9 percent of users develop a cannabis addiction, and this figure rises to around 17 percent with early onset of use. Withdrawal symptoms such as irritability, sleep disorders and mood swings are well documented.
Medical use:
The medical efficacy of cannabis has so far only been scientifically proven for a few indications, such as chronic pain, spastic conditions and nausea following chemotherapy. Nevertheless, the positive effects are often overestimated, while possible side effects and risks are inadequately communicated.
Conclusion:
The effects of cannabis are by no means only harmless or therapeutically valuable, but can have considerable negative health consequences in both the short and long term. An uncritical trivialization through social and media debates bears the danger of underestimating risks and weakening prevention, especially among young people.